cultural theories of disease causation in nigeria

Participatory observation, over a total of 5months during the span of one year, was supplemented by focus group discussions (n=96 participants in 10 groups) and in-depth interviews (n=20) conducted with key informants. Looks like youve clipped this slide to already. Beliefs and perception of ill-health causation: a socio-cultural qualitative study in rural North-Eastern Ethiopia, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4052-y, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. They speak Amharic, Ethiopias official language. Understanding perceptions of the causes of ill-health common in indigenous communities may help policy makers to design effective integrated primary health care strategies to serve these communities. Predictors of cultural competence among nursing students in the Philippines: A cross-sectional study. The first is the monocausal view and emerges from the "conquest" of the infectious diseases. People in our village sterilize the equipment they use for these purposes. Yehya NA, Dutta MJ. We consider people who travel at this wrong time bad, harmful, killers and thieves or people into something tricky. Exploring the rigging claims in Nigeria's . Cruz JP, Estacio JC, Bagtang CE, Colet PC. Young A. 2010;20:84558. This ethnographic study was grounded in participant observations made by the principal investigator (MHK) working as a volunteer heath extension worker in the study area for five months between June and November, 2013. In testing our hypothesis on whether cultural beliefs of infant mortality among working mothers in Nigeria would vary by age, education, and income, we used a hierarchical linear regression analysis to better understand the independent effects of each variable. Health effects of social isolation, loneliness. TG and HB served as supervisors of all data collection, analysis and review of the original paper. Oxford: Clarendon; 1964. Research has linked social isolation and loneliness to higher risks for a variety of physical and mental conditions: high blood pressure, heart disease, obesity, a weakened immune system, anxiety, depression, cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease, and even death. Syracuse: Foreign and comparative studies, Syracuse University; 1980. p. 17. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. Familial ectrodactyly syndrome in a Nigerian child: a case report. According to this theory, it is important to distinguish between beliefs about the natural and supernatural causes of illness and disease. In 2014, communicable diseases including malaria, lung infections, diarrheal, intestinal parasites, eye infections, skin disease, and rheumatism were the major public health problems in the area [15]. The common types of diseases in Nigeria are; Malaria Malaria is a risk for 97% of Nigeria's population. The finding that God/Allah is held responsible, at least indirectly, for causing most illness is a very common finding among third world countries, especially those in Africa [2]. 4. There are 23 Kebeles (the smallest local administrative unit) administered by the Woreda, including 19 rural, 2 urban and 2 semi-urban towns. Mesfin H. Kahissay. Many respondents identified lying as a cause of ill-health. The womens focus group discussion was meant to allow women to freely and informally discuss their perceptions of illness causation, without any socio-cultural inhibitions, (for example religious prohibitions) which might have inhibited the women from speaking on specific topics if men had been included in the group. germ theory, in medicine, the theory that certain diseases are caused by the invasion of the body by microorganisms, organisms too small to be seen except through a microscope. Sections of original transcripts and key quotes considered to be illustrative of the emerging themes were translated into English to facilitate discussion with the full research team as needed, because one of the research team members, HB, was a non-Amharic speakerIndividual codes and themes were discussed at group meetings until consensus was reached on basic themes and subthemes across the focus groups and interviews. Acute and Chronic Malnutrition. Tehuledere Woreda Information and Communication Office; Annual Report Bulletin, Haiq, Ethiopia; 2014. Social Research Methods. Ann N Y Acad Sci. First Statement of Germ Theory. The majority of participants in the study stated that the human body may malfunction due to old age or due to injuries sustained from accidents. Disease etiologies in non-western medical systems. This paper argues that disease etiology is the key to cross-cultural comparison of non- Western medical systems. Correspondence to The relationship between diseases and their causes can be approached from different starting-points. Many become sick from the filth on the sharp equipment [Male, Study Community # 4]. Many natural objects were believed to be capable of mediating between the supreme deity and the ordinary humans. Traditional healing and primary care: a socio-cultural study in a rural Tehuledere community, North-Eastern Ethiopia. Dr. Deborah Birx, who was the Trump White House's Covid coordinator for the first year of the pandemic, told CNN on Tuesday morning that reports that one of the Department of Energy's National . Google Scholar. Spirit Mediumship and society in Africa. So if he is able to work well and come back home without any stress, he becomes healthy [Male, Study Community # 1]. Privacy PubMedGoogle Scholar. Only single germ is responsible for causation of a specific disease. 1988 Dec;4(4):160-3. doi: 10.1177/089033448800400409. Consequently for many indigenous people, attempts to restore wellbeing through the utilization of biomedicine must include customary affirmation of the nature-spirit intercession as a feature of the recuperation process. Tooth decay, measles, or a broken bone are examples. Five rural communities (one from each of the five Kebeles) were included in the study. 12. Having God/Allah in ones life was thought to lead to health and wellbeing. Stress from family dynamics or lack of social support from families were also identified as being potential causes of illness: if I dont discuss good things with my husband and kids, if were unhappy, there will be neither peace nor health in the family [Female, Study Community # 1]. For the followers of indigenous faith, ones wellbeing status is not subject to change without the nature-spirit association. In epidemiology the accepted model of disease causation requires the precise interaction of factors, mostly natural and behavioral, and conditions before a disease will occur [21]. 1983;17(16):120511. Theory of illness causation is an important issue in all biomedical sciences, and solid etiological explanations are needed in order to develop therapeutic approaches in medicine and preventive interventions in public health. Germ theory of disease was proposed by Louis Pasteur. J Genet Couns. In 1890 Robert Koch proposed specific criteria that should be met before concluding that a disease was caused by a particular bacterium. We've updated our privacy policy. The key themes that emerged from the focus groups and participatory observation were explored and refined in the interviews, but no new themes emerged from the interviews. Glory Bassey. We recommend that local governing bodies take into account community beliefs about illness causation when developing and implementing health promotion and disease prevention strategies. [Female, Study Community # 2]. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites. First, germ theory separated the disease from the person suffering from the disease. Unit 10: Causation z ti f Ci t i lCriteria for causality Association vs. Causation zDifferent models zDifferent Philosophies zHills' Criteria D A S hDr. Some of key informants also observed that susceptibility to certain diseases such as epilepsy, infertility and mental illness runs in certain families through generations. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press; 1980. It is hoped that the model of illness causation identified in this study will help to enhance the rural health plan for the 5 villages of Tehuledere Woreda and beyond. In-depth understanding of disease causation aids in planning prevention and steps to tackle the disease in a population. Krapf L. Travels, researches and missionary labour during an eighteen years residence in Eastern Africa. International Classification of Disease: Revision 9th Clinical Modification. 5th, Millennium edition U.S Department of Health and Human Services; 2000. 125"128. Additionally, the authors thank Mr. Teshager Shiferaw for his help in data collection and early coding. Social, economic and biological factors interact to drive a vicious cycle of poverty and disease from which, for many people, there is no escape." In short, poverty is instrumental in cultivating conditions that allow disease to spread. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. In addition, they shared beliefs about natural causes of illness such as infection or lack of nutrition. These are the things that make up its constitution and cause its pains and health. The study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee in the College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University, with either in writing or verbally (for those who were illiterate) consent to participate in the study being obtained from all study participants. What are the cultural theories of disease causation in nigeria Theories of disease causation..ppt 1. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. Choosing among five traditions. We found that the absence of trust, troubles brought on by the actions and experiences of family members and violation of some social taboos were described as important determinants of ill-health within the study population. It is a commonly held view, both from the Nigerian literature and from anecdotal evidence, that life is . WHO. Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. Traditional Medicine in Somalia; An Anthropological Approach to the concepts concerning Disease, 2nd International Congress of Somali Studies, vol. A. 1991;630:212-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb19590.x. Negative correlation is when an increase in A leads to a decrease in B or vice versa. 2nd ed. However, the capacity to execute and give expanded resources to support the sustainable utilization of indigenous medicine and implement health strategies that take into account indigenous ill-health beliefs is constrained. Principal Scientist & Act. Miasma was considered to be a poisonous vapor or mist filled with particles from decomposed matter (miasmata) that was identifiable by its foul smell. California Privacy Statement, All focus group discussions and interviews were conducted, audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim in Amharic. 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