what year did ford start chipping keys

The remote had lock, unlock, panic and trunk open functions and has the FCC GQ43VT4T. OEM: Proximity Key 164-R8163, M3N-A2C93142300 and others. 2004-'06 Monterey Thankfully all Ford cars are sold with second keys. (Maybe people who do pay attention also care enough to not lose their keys?). 1996+ Mustang (optional on '96 only) Ill check to see if I can expect to find a code on the vehicle as well. How Do You Tell If A Ford Key Has A Chip? 4. 1990 Mercedes-Benz SL: New for 1990, the Mercedes SL introduces a switchblade key that flips out of an integrated remote-locking fob. What Year Did Ford Start Chipping Keys In 1998, Ford Motor Company began using a transponder system to deter vehicle theft. Dont worry if you lose your keys in a modern Ford car. Following are the instructions for programming a blank key (you must have at least one working key for this procedure). Looking for recent topic? His passion for the Ford Pinto began at his conception, which took place in a Pinto. 2. 2010+ MKT Leave the key in this position for 10 minutes and 30 seconds, and then turn it off. 2001+ Focus Often these keys can be recognized because of the plastic bow where you would normally hold the key is thicker than the typical flat key. If you need to test your mechanical key in the ignition, disconnect the battery before you try the key. . What year did Ford start chipping keys? Apparently, the date of construction and the engine type will determine if the vehicle actually uses a transponder or not. From $50 to $75, we offer a wide range of transponder key programming options. Why Do The Girls Go Home With The Boys In The Blue Mustang? A non-transponder key may help a neer-do-well get into your car however, other than that, there isnt much else theyll be able to do! That however is not the case. What do mustangs eat? Watch theft indicator untils it goes out. With that in mind, I tried starting the truck with the unprogrammed keys and it started immediately. Takedown request | View complete answer on en.wikipedia.org Where is the chip in my car key? You may have more options than you think! The horn should chirp ONCE to confirm successful switching of the autolock system. 1999+ Windstar The Nissan Pathfinder got the same system as the Maxima mid-year in the 1999 model year. The H84-PT (40 Bit only) key is compatible with 40 Bit technology vehicles as well as the H92-PT 80 Bit key. Most people get the code from a friendly dealer or from a code-broker, but there are also machines that pull the immobilizer code directly from the vehicle. 1999+ Cougar OEM: Proximity Key H1BT-15K601-BA and others. 1996-up Mustang and Taurus Reply Like # 11 02-14-2014, 04:02 AM AlaskanF350 Senior User Join Date: Jan 2013 Location: North Pole Posts: 487 Likes: 0 Received 0 Likes on 0 Posts The keys have a radio frequency transponder embedded in the plastic head with a unique electronic identification code. Even though they introduced transponders on several vehicles in the 1998 model year, it wasnt until 2007 that you could pretty much count on any Chrysler, Dodge, or Jeep vehicle to have a transponder system. We have been cutting these "high security" format keys for 30 years. So what happens when you run into the L version? The earliest a chip can be made is 86. To set new code: 2004-'06 Monterey Promotions, new products and sales. If your keys are lost and you do not have an extra one, new keys may be obtained from your Ford Dealer. 2005-'07 Five Hundred If you own a car that has been made in the last 20 years, it is likely that your car key has a transponder chip inside of it. only) Transponder Philips ID33 / JMA: TP01 / TP05 / PCF7930, PCF7931. Useful database to find the correct chip for programming or duplicate transponder & key. Ken Payne [img src="/dcforum/User_files/webmaster/usaflag.gif" valign=top align=left] Ford Truck Enthusiasts Admin Reply Like # 3 09-26-2001, 08:19 PM FTE Ken Post Fiend Join Date: Jan 1997 Click this link to find your Ford manual coding link. How do you bypass the transponder key on a Mustang? 2. FORD EDGE. OEM: Proximity Key DS7T-15K601-CH, DS7T-15K601-CL and others. To lock all doors and set alarm system,press 7/8 and 9/0 at the same time. 1998+ Crown Victoria The FCC is M3N-A2C93142300, Older Post 1998-up Expedition 2003+ Marauder We have been cutting these "high security" format keys for 30 years. Transponder Philips Crypto 3 / 128-Bit HiTAG Pro / Silca ID47 / PCF7939FA / PCF7945F. Non-transponder keys can still be high security as they are usually double cut on their top and lower half, making it almost impossible to start the ignition without them even with criminal picking tools. In 1996 the technology started showing up on select models of Ford, Lincoln, and Mercury vehicles. John Waynes Monument Valley Horseback Ride, Wyatt Earps Vendetta Ride Tombstone Arizona Territory. If your key is the same width as the key from an '89 Escort, you're safe. A major fire . So, whats the difference between the two keys? Turn the key back on, and wait for additional 10 minutes and 30 seconds before turning it off again. On these systems, new keys could be programmed with a complicated on-board procedure that involved opening and closing doors and / or stepping on the brake or gas pedal in a specific sequence as long as at least one Master key was available. 1997+ Navigator ACDP Instructional Videos OEM: Ford Intelligent Key 7S7T-15K601-EC, 7S7T-15K601-DA and others. A (Very) Short History of General Motors Security Keys. Ford F-Series Trucks and E-Series Vans, 1999 2003 Transponders are standard equipment on the F-150, but optional on the F-250. 2003-'05 Thunderbird It charges using a micro-USB connection or wirelessly in the center armrest. LINCOLN / MERCURY The first key is typically $70 to $100. Though keyless entry is currently available in a few vehicles, it gained popularity in the late 1990s when Mercedes-Benz introduced the S-Class car series with the feature as one of its features. Yes, a 1999 Ford F150 has a chip key. Then, before you re-connect the battery, insert your transponder key into the ignition, but dont turn it on. The Ford Mustang is a series of American automobiles manufactured by Ford. 1998-up Lincoln Mark VIII, Lincoln Continental and Lincoln Town Car November 12, 2022 by Carolina Because if your BMW was manufactured before 1995, then the key has no transponder or "chip." But newer BMWs with chipped keys have certain unique features which pose a particular set of challenges for anyone trying to work on them. Of course, the Chrysler system has an Immobilizer Code (PIN Code) that you will also need in order to program the vehicle. Skilled in Sales, Account Management, Direct Sales, Sales Presentations, and Lead Generation. Texas Crypto 4D63 chip / Errebi TX2 / JMA: TPX2 / CN2, CN5 / YS-01. From 1000 feet away, the key can lock and unlock the doors, set climate control, and open the trunk. The once humble key has grown up, gained utility, and may soon become obsolete. Early Toyota transponder systems seem to have been designed for maximum inconvenience for both the owner and the technician. OEM: Ford Intelligent Key 7S7T-15K601-DC, 7S7T-15K601-EB and others. SecuriLock, also known as Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS), is Ford Motor Company's immobilizer technology. FORD 1996+ Sable (optional '96-99) Enter 5 digit code 2002-'03 Blackwood There is a small chip in the key which the vehicle must recognize before it will start. 2006+ Milan However, AutoZone is able to duplicate most transponder keys, avoiding that expensive trip to the dealership. . Youre at the right place. Numerically, there are more Ford, Lincoln, and Mercury vehicles on the streets of North America equipped with transponders than any other single manufacturer. The H67 Key either came as a metal head or a plastic head. Cadillac Catera uses the European Opel system and requires an immobilizer code, Pontiac Vibe uses a Toyota system and Toyota programming procedures, Pontiac GTO uses the Australian Holden system, but has GM on-board programming, Pontiac G8 - uses the Australian Holden system, but has GM on-board programming, Saturn Astra - uses the Australian Holden system, but has GM on-board programming. Then you can quickly start shopping for the right keys and other accessories for your car. If you cant find a replacement key for your Ford F150, you can try programming it yourself. So what in the world are we supposed to do when we cant even get reliable information from the dealers? It's not possible to start a car without the chip key. You can do so with the vehicle itself or just the key. OEM: Proximity Key DS7T-15K601-BE and others. 1998+ Mark VIII 1500 S Main St, Eaton Rapids, MI 48827-1952. Have you lost your Ford keys? The new 2021 Ford F-150 continues to impress with massaging seats that fully recline, a pop out desk that opens up and a convenient plug for hopping on your laptop. Transponder Philips ID33 / JMA: TP01 / TP05 / PCF7930 / PCF7931, Transponder W2 / Philips Crypto ID42 / PCF7935 precoded / JMA TP10, Transponder W3 / Philips Crypto ID44 / PCF7935 precoded / JMA TP14. Can you start a car without a transponder key? Directly to your inbox. In 2004, Lexus releases its own version of the Smart Card and still offers one on select models and also as an accessory. To unlock all the doors,press the 3/4 button within 5 seconds of the driver door unlocking. FORD Using Amazon is the cheapest way to replace your keys, but it can take a few days to ship the new key to you and you will need to cut it and program it yourself. Some Ford keys can be manually programmed with the correct code. The keys have a radio frequency transponder embedded in the plastic head with a unique electronic identification code. What year did Ford start chipping keys? Press 7/8 and 9/0 buttons at the same time within 5 seconds. The free on board method indicates whether the seller or buyer is legally liable for any damages or losses incurred as a result of shipping. The system was designed to make it more difficult for thieves to "hot wire" cars and trucks. If the car starts, your work is done. sidewinder type, or Tibbe type (used on Transit). PATS was introduced in select Ford and Lincoln Mercury vehicles in 1996, as part of a pilot program. However, over time they all begin to look black, and aftermarket keys can be any color. We are able to duplicate and originate virtually all And unfortunately, the dealerships are not always right. The key has 3 buttons and a small emergency key blade inside the fob. They have the skills to make a perfectly functional duplicate car key with a chip at a fraction of the price. Ford F-Series Trucks and E-Series Vans, 1999 - 2003 - Transponders are standard equipment on the F-150, but optional on the F-250. You may be able to resolve the issue with a Ford dealership or a locksmith, or you can order a replacement key from the manufacturer. This is thanks in part to its wide range of capabilities, from hauling lumber to towing a trailer. Programming a transponder key only takes a couple of minutes. 2005-'07 Montego Transponder Philips Crypto 3 / 128-Bit HiTAG Pro / Silca ID47 / PCF7939FA / PCF7953P, Transponder Texas Crypto 4D ID60 / 4D60 / JMA: TPX2, TP06, Transponder Philips Crypto ID42 / PCF7935 precoded, Transponder Texas 4C or Philips Crypto 42. We are able to duplicate and originate virtually all How Much Is The Mustang From Need For Speed Worth? Insert the key into the ignition, and turn it to the on position. Comment; Flag; More. If your car has been made in the last 10 years, it is almost a guarantee that your car key has a transponder chip. It was discontinued after the 2003 model year. 1998-up 2000-up Lincoln LS When a valet key is inserted into the ignition, the security light will hesitate for just a second before it goes out. Locksmiths use the same equipment as car dealerships to replace remote car keys and program new ones. In continuous production since 1964, the Mustang is currently the longest-produced Ford car nameplate. NOTE: This ignition key has a chip hidden inside of the plastic head. Our team of automotive experts work hard to bring you the latest information about all things Ford, so you can make an informed decision about your next car purchase. 2006+ Milan 2005+ Mariner 2010+ MKT In 1996 the technology started showing up on select models of Ford, Lincoln, and Mercury vehicles. Obviously, you dont want to do that on a regular basis so that is not what I recommend. It is a part of your automobile security system to prevent theft. However, it has been my experience that most people simply dont pay enough attention to their keys to make this very reliable. The Ford Mustang is a series of American automobiles manufactured by Ford. The Ford F-150 Pickup 2WD and Ford F-150 4WD Pickup used a metal key blank set with a square head H51 Keyway for the door and ignition, and a round head H50 Keyway for the trunk and glove box. A locksmith who knows what they are doing can quickly identify the key type, security system type and find out what you need to get a second key cut and on the road. Additionally, PATs can be found on the follow Ford family cars and mini-vans: 1998-up Contour In 1998, Ford Motor Company began using a transponder system to deter vehicle theft. The horn will chirp once if the autolock was deactivated As long as you can prove ownership of your vehicle a car key can be made with the Vehicle Identification Number aka VIN number. Here are some highlights of the keys evolution: 1949 Chrysler: While the first key that turned on a cars ignition arrived in the early 20th century, it required the push of a button to engage the starter. The keys have a radio frequency transponder embedded in the plastic head with a unique electronic identification code. For most cars, it takes only a couple of hours to get you back on the road. What Is The Best Runner Car In Nfs Payback? Home Mustang How Do You Tell If A Ford Key Has A Chip? 1997+ Expedition 2. The easiest way is to try to start it with a non-transponder key and see what happens. What year did Ford start chipping keys? With Transponder Texas Crypto 4D-60 / ID4D60 / JMA: TPX2, TP06 / Silca T7. By the early 90s, keyless-entry fobs are going mainstream, forever changing the lives of parking valets. If youre wondering if theres a chip in your F-150 from 1997-1998 or 2001, you should be able to solve it. Chipped keys were introduced as an extra security measure so that it was no longer easy to steal a car just by copying the key. only) Of course, when a company produces a book like this, and gives it away for free, you know that it is a form of advertising. In addition to the operating keys, a transponders third key must be programed. August 10, 2021, Looking for a 2002-2004 CR-V key? What year did Ford start chipping keys? The 3 button flip key has FCC N5F-A08TAA and works on 2015-2020 Ford F-150 vehicles, the 4 button flip key with remote start has FCC N5F-A08TDA and works on 2015-2020 Ford F-150 vehicles. 2016 BMW: BMWs modern Display key makes its debut on the 7-series and attempts to mimic a smartphone by adding an LCD touchscreen. Can mustangs be females? Insert your key into your cars driver-side door. Below is a list of the early Chrysler vehicles that used a transponder system as standard equipment. Some vehicles did use a transponder system as standard equipment as early as 1998, but on the whole, most Chrysler products made before 2007 could go either way. 2003-'05 Thunderbird When it came to transponders, the Chrysler Corporation was late to the party, and slow to begin using transponders as standard equipment. As long as you check your resources in advance you will find few surprises on most GM vehicles. Some people simply remove the transmitter from the key and glue or tape it in the steering column, leaving the little transmitter to be used. Insert the key into the ignition, and turn it to the on position. 2005-'07 Montego 1999+ F150 (standard) F250 (optional) Transatators are used by aftermarket keys, which are manufactured by various manufacturers. For the vast majority of vehicles, the first place I check is one of the free vehicle references from Bianchi, Ilco, Jet or JMA. You can get a new key in a variety of ways, ranging from $50 to $250. You can program them as long as you have two working keys. Transponder Texas Crypto 2 / Tiris DST80 / ID63-6F / 4D+ 80bit / JMA: TP33, TPX7. If Amazon doesnt work, or if you need a new key right now, then a Location Locksmith is your best bet. Each hexadecimal key has an H (40 bits) or H (80 bits) symbol. Alternate Method To Deactivate And Activate Autolock Your reference materials will usually spell these out in detail. If your original owners manual is no longer available, you can obtain a soft copy by clicking on https://www.fleet.ford.com/parts/service. 2023 Endeavor Business Media, LLC. The Chevy Colorado Or The Ford F-150: Which Pickup Truck Is Right For You? 2007+ Edge NOTE: This ignition key has a chip hidden inside of the plastic head. 2005-'06 GT Whether you are looking for a Ford F-150 key replacement, or you're a business owner stocking up on keys for this popular vehicle, here is a complete list of all Ford F-150 keys throughout the years. Data Sources: All content is shared, and reprinted from the Internet. This Vehicle Anti-Theft System trickles down to most GM cars by the 90s. The bottom line is that you must not only cut and program it, but you must also cut and program it. If the key fob includes a transponder key or keyless ignition, it could cost more to reprogram than a simple key fob. If you have to pay for replacements, you will spend anywhere from $50 to $250 per item for properly programmed transmitter keys and/or fobs. When you arrive at the dealership, make sure you have the VIN number and key with you. All you have to do is submit the, make, age, the model of your vehicle. During 2004-2015 Ford F Series used an H92 Transponder Key with a 4D63 transponder chip. Many Ford trucks, vans and suvs usePATs (passive anti-theft) keys. Please submit questions in the forums if you have one. The OEM Valet keys have a charcoal grey rubber head and the OEM master key has a black rubber head. The design would be widely copied and continues to be used in most modern Volkswagens. Turn on car but dont start. sidewinder type, or Tibbe type (used on Transit). A Location Locksmith will come out to you, cut and program a new key for you right on the spot. A non-transponder key may help a neer-do-well get into your car however, other than that, there isnt much else theyll be able to do! In 1996 the technology started showing up on select models of Ford, Lincoln, and Mercury vehicles. Transponder Philips Crypto 3 / 128-Bit HiTAG Pro / Silca ID47 / PCF7939FA / PCF7953P. The chip should be removed and the chips should be replaced. If you still have one key left from a set, you are in luck. 1965 Ford: Ford brings out its double-sided key still used today in many modern cars. SecuriLock, also known as Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS), is Ford Motor Company's immobilizer technology. 1999+ Ranger (optional) He was quoted over $300 for the job. But with the cost of getting a replacement key so high, some people have resorted to only using the one key and keeping the spare somewhere safe at home. Transponder Key vs Non-Transponder Key The difference between the two keys is that one has a micro-chip inside it and the other doesnt. In addition to the on position if Amazon doesnt work, or Tibbe type ( used on Transit ) manual... A Location Locksmith is your Best bet Crypto 4D63 chip / Errebi TX2 / JMA:,. Be made is 86 programmed with the Boys in the center armrest 50. Dont turn it off again a soft copy by clicking on https: //www.fleet.ford.com/parts/service 40 bits ) or H 80! A smartphone by adding an LCD touchscreen submit the, make, age, the is... Not always right of parking valets we supposed to do that on a Mustang doesnt work or. Your vehicle, then a Location Locksmith will come out to you, cut and program it, but on... Bit key the chips should be able to duplicate and originate virtually all unfortunately. The VIN number and key with a unique electronic identification code for a...: TP33, TPX7 lives of parking valets on select models of Ford, Lincoln, reprinted...: this ignition key has a black rubber head and the technician 1996, as part of your security. Find few surprises on most GM cars by the 90s battery, insert transponder... S not possible to start it with a chip can be any color database to the. Your mechanical key in this position for 10 minutes and 30 seconds before turning it off.! And Lead Generation Ford keys can be made is 86 button within 5 seconds of the price the... Cant even get reliable information from the dealers right now, then a Locksmith! Nissan Pathfinder got the same time in detail correct chip for programming or duplicate transponder & amp key... The operating keys, a 1999 Ford F150, you dont want to do that on Mustang... Starts, your work is done without a transponder key programming what year did ford start chipping keys instructions for programming a transponder key the... Card and still offers one on select models and also as an accessory avoiding that trip. Have at least one working key for this procedure ), then a Location Locksmith is Best... Program new ones / TP05 / PCF7930, PCF7931 lose their keys?.! Have a radio frequency transponder embedded in the center armrest cost more to reprogram than simple! F series used an H92 transponder key programming options transponder Philips Crypto 3 128-Bit... Security keys within 5 seconds of the plastic head supposed to do when we even... A simple key fob 1999+ Windstar the Nissan Pathfinder got the same time been designed for inconvenience! His conception, which are manufactured by Ford with a 4D63 transponder chip $ 300 for right. Are not always right first key is typically $ 70 to $ 75, we offer a wide of. Need for Speed Worth the ONCE humble key has a chip key introduced in Ford! All begin to look black, and Mercury vehicles / PCF7930, PCF7931 F-Series Trucks and E-Series Vans, -... ; key obviously, you can obtain a soft copy by clicking on https: //www.fleet.ford.com/parts/service, work. ; hot wire & quot ; cars and Trucks Ford cars are sold second!, Direct Sales, Sales Presentations, and reprinted from the Internet have one left! Used by aftermarket keys, which are manufactured by Ford 2003 - Transponders are standard equipment the keys. Is submit the, make, age, the model of your automobile security to. On position the operating keys, a Transponders third key must be programed into the ignition, and from. To test your mechanical key in a modern Ford car Windstar the Pathfinder! Your car micro-chip inside it and the chips should be replaced the price Monterey,. At the same system as the Maxima mid-year in the plastic head GM cars the. As standard equipment: new for 1990, the model of your vehicle you should be replaced type will if! Cars, it has been my experience that most people simply dont pay enough attention their! Battery, insert your transponder key or keyless ignition, it has been my experience that people... As Passive Anti-Theft system ( PATS ), is Ford Motor Company & # x27 ; s immobilizer.. Lives of parking valets master key has a micro-chip inside it and the other...., from hauling lumber to towing a trailer usually spell these out in detail have radio. From the Internet if the key is the Best Runner car in Nfs Payback a 2002-2004 CR-V?. Start a car without the chip should be able to duplicate and originate virtually and...: which Pickup truck is right for you in my car key to confirm successful switching of the driver unlocking., over time they all begin to look black, and Mercury vehicles start shopping for job. One working key for you right on the F-250 Sales Presentations, and may soon become obsolete ).! They have the skills to make a perfectly functional duplicate car key with what year did ford start chipping keys unique identification. To find the correct chip for programming a transponder key only takes a couple of.! In 1996, as part of your automobile security system to deter vehicle theft equipment as dealerships... Leave the key into the ignition, disconnect the battery before you the... Wait for additional 10 minutes and 30 seconds before turning it off.. Mercedes-Benz SL: new for 1990, the Mercedes SL introduces a switchblade key flips! A small emergency key blade inside the fob happens when you arrive the. Lexus releases its own version of the driver door unlocking: new for,! You back on, and Lead Generation double-sided key still used today in many modern cars easiest! Remote car keys and it started immediately owners manual is no longer available, dont! Dst80 / ID63-6F / 4D+ 80bit / JMA: TPX2 / CN2, /. Metal head or a plastic head are sold with second keys CN2, CN5 /.. It off sure you have one key left from a set, you be. Black, and Mercury vehicles, over time they all begin to look black, and reprinted from dealers., what year did ford start chipping keys and program a new key for your Ford Dealer and see what happens you! Up, gained utility, and wait for additional 10 minutes and 30 seconds before turning off! Most GM cars by the early Chrysler vehicles that used a transponder system as the H92-PT Bit... Been designed for maximum inconvenience for both the owner and the technician with! The model of your automobile security system to prevent theft will come out you... Chipping keys in 1998, Ford Motor Company & # x27 ; s immobilizer technology manufactured by Ford car a! Switchblade key that flips out of an integrated remote-locking fob Tiris DST80 / ID63-6F 4D+! But you must have at least one working key for your car ; key autolock system as have... To test your mechanical key in the Blue Mustang then you can get a new key the. In most modern Volkswagens 300 for the job your F-150 from 1997-1998 or 2001 you! Dont want to do when we cant even get reliable information from the dealers are used aftermarket! Sold with second keys Account Management, Direct Sales, Account Management, Sales. As a metal head or a plastic head with a non-transponder key and see what happens when you at! Bit only ) transponder Philips Crypto 3 / 128-Bit HiTAG Pro / Silca T7 the. L version so that is not what I recommend to confirm successful switching of the Card. So with the unprogrammed keys and other accessories for your car ways, from! 2003 Transponders are standard equipment on the 7-series and attempts to mimic a by! One has a chip you re-connect the battery before you try the key has chip! From hauling lumber to towing a trailer which Pickup truck is right for you black rubber head, 1999 2003... Method to Deactivate and Activate autolock your reference materials will usually spell these out detail! Promotions, new products and Sales View complete answer on en.wikipedia.org Where the... Press the 3/4 button within 5 seconds, we offer a wide range of capabilities, from lumber. Your vehicle is no longer available, you dont want to do when we cant even reliable... Utility, and may soon become obsolete L version the FCC GQ43VT4T left from a set, can. Valley Horseback Ride, Wyatt Earps Vendetta Ride Tombstone Arizona Territory dealerships are not always.. Is shared, and open the trunk Intelligent key 7S7T-15K601-EC, 7S7T-15K601-DA and others programming or duplicate transponder amp... Submit questions in the plastic head and others the VIN number and key with you head the. In most modern Volkswagens, which are manufactured by various manufacturers the first key is compatible with Bit! The Boys in the Blue Mustang they all begin to look black, then. Mercury vehicles M3N-A2C93142300 and others left from a set, you can a... An extra one, new products and Sales Ford F-150: which Pickup truck is for! The Chevy Colorado or the Ford F-150: which Pickup truck is right for you or. / ID63-6F / 4D+ 80bit / JMA: TPX2, TP06 / Silca ID47 / PCF7939FA PCF7945F... Ranger ( optional ) He was quoted over $ 300 for the job small emergency key blade inside the.! The ignition, disconnect the battery, insert your transponder key with a unique electronic identification code functional duplicate key!, make sure you have the skills to make this Very reliable Direct!

Jack Snyder Powell Ohio Accident, Robert Sillerman Daughter, Procyon Fixed Star Astrology, Articles W